New models of collaboration between criminal justice and mental health systems.

As individuals with mental illness were moved to community–based treatment in the late s and s, they were often shuttled into housing or treatment programs that were ill– equipped to meet their mental health needs. Lacking alternatives, they were often at higher risk of arrest for vagrancy, minor infractions, and drug offenses, and they became increasingly common on court dockets, jail and prison cell blocks, and probation and parole caseloads.